{"id":16305,"date":"2025-01-27T23:15:41","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T23:15:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/2025\/01\/27\/political-tensions-shake-up-trade-routes-in-fractured-west-africa\/"},"modified":"2025-01-28T00:26:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T00:26:48","slug":"political-tensions-shake-up-trade-routes-in-fractured-west-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/fr\/2025\/01\/27\/political-tensions-shake-up-trade-routes-in-fractured-west-africa\/","title":{"rendered":"Apr\u00e8s le retrait du Burkina, du Mali et du Niger, quel avenir pour la Cedeao ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Abidjan,\u00a0Cote d’Ivoire <\/em><\/strong>– Le retrait du Mali, du Niger et du Burkina Faso de la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des Etats de l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest (Cedeao) prend effet mercredi apr\u00e8s un an de tensions politiques, rendant incertain l’avenir de l’organisation r\u00e9gionale dans une Afrique de l\u2019ouest fractur\u00e9e.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le 29 janvier 2024, les trois pays dirig\u00e9s par des r\u00e9gimes militaires avaient formellement notifi\u00e9 \u00e0 la Cedeao leur volont\u00e9 de retrait \u00ab\u00a0imm\u00e9diat\u00a0\u00bb. Mais les textes de l’organisation ouest-africaine imposaient un d\u00e9lai d’un an pour qu’elle soit effective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce sera donc chose faite mercredi, les trois pays ayant ignor\u00e9 l’appel de la Cedeao \u00e0 prolonger la p\u00e9riode de six mois pour tenter de trouver une solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Burkina Faso, le Mali et le Niger d\u00e9sormais unis dans une conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration, l’Alliance des Etats du Sahel (AES), accusent la Cedeao d’avoir impos\u00e9 \u00e0 leur encontre des sanctions \u00ab\u00a0inhumaines, ill\u00e9gales et ill\u00e9gitimes\u00a0\u00bb apr\u00e8s les putschs qui les ont port\u00e9s au pouvoir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ils estiment aussi que l’organisation ouest-africaine ne les a pas suffisamment aid\u00e9s \u00e0 lutter contre les violences jihadistes et qu’elle est inf\u00e9od\u00e9e \u00e0 la France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’ancienne puissance coloniale est devenue l’ennemi commun de ces juntes qui privil\u00e9gie d\u00e9sormais des partenariats avec des pays comme la Russie, la Turquie ou l’Iran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Une Cedeao fragilis\u00e9e –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La rupture a \u00e9t\u00e9 consomm\u00e9e apr\u00e8s le coup d’Etat au Niger, en juillet 2023, quand la Cedeao avait menac\u00e9 d’intervenir militairement pour r\u00e9tablir le pr\u00e9sident d\u00e9chu et impos\u00e9 de lourdes sanctions \u00e9conomiques \u00e0 Niamey, aujourd’hui lev\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les trois pays vont mettre en circulation ce mercredi leur propre passeport commun et ont annonc\u00e9 pour bient\u00f4t une arm\u00e9e unifi\u00e9e de 5.000 hommes pour combattre les jihadistes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si pour le moment la libre circulation des personnes entre les deux espaces reste d’actualit\u00e9, le d\u00e9part des trois pays ne devrait pas \u00eatre sans cons\u00e9quence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cela va \u00ab\u00a0fragiliser la Cedeao dans sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9guler notamment les crises politiques dans l\u2019espace r\u00e9gional\u00a0\u00bb, explique \u00e0 l’AFP Gilles Yabi, fondateur du groupe de r\u00e9flexion ouest-africain Wathi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Car l’AES et certains pays de la Cedeao se regardent d\u00e9sormais en chiens de fa\u00efence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Niger refuse par exemple d’ouvrir sa fronti\u00e8re avec le B\u00e9nin, qu’il accuse d’accueillir des bases o\u00f9 s’entra\u00eeneraient des jihadistes, et accuse \u00e9galement son voisin nig\u00e9rian de \u00ab\u00a0servir de base arri\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb pour le \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9stabiliser\u00a0\u00bb, ce que les deux pays c\u00f4tiers nient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– La main tendue du Togo et du Ghana –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dans la sous-r\u00e9gion les cartes diplomatiques ont donc \u00e9t\u00e9 rebattues, accentuant l’influence du Togo qui joue les m\u00e9diateurs et dont le port, \u00e0 Lom\u00e9, permet l’approvisionnement des pays enclav\u00e9s de l’AES.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le ministre togolais des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, Robert Dussey, a r\u00e9cemment d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que son pays n’excluait pas de rejoindre l’AES.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Togo a une \u00ab\u00a0vision \u00e0 court terme\u00a0\u00bb, bas\u00e9e sur des \u00ab\u00a0calculs d’int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9conomiques\u00a0\u00bb qui vont \u00ab\u00a0affaiblir la Cedeao\u00a0\u00bb, estime Gilles Yabi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si la Cedeao perd un quatri\u00e8me membre comme le Togo, avec son acc\u00e8s maritime, \u00ab\u00a0on peut se demander dans quel \u00e9tat elle pourra subsister\u00a0\u00bb, dit Rinaldo Depagne, directeur adjoint Afrique \u00e0 l’International Crisis Group (ICG).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’AES \u00ab\u00a0essaie de convaincre les autres pays que la Cedeao ne fonctionne pas et qu\u2019ils sont une alternative cr\u00e9dible…Ils ont compris qu\u2019ils ne pourraient pas survivre seuls\u00a0\u00bb, glisse une source diplomatique occidentale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preuve de cette reconfiguration diplomatique, le Ghana du nouveau pr\u00e9sident \u00e9lu John Dramani Mahama tend lui aussi la main \u00e0 l’AES.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En fonctions depuis le 7 janvier, il a re\u00e7u lors de son investiture le chef de la junte du Burkina Ibrahim Traor\u00e9, puis le Premier ministre malien Abdoulaye Maiga, et d\u00e9j\u00e0 annonc\u00e9 la nomination d’un envoy\u00e9 sp\u00e9cial pour l’AES.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Le nouveau pr\u00e9sident n\u2019a pas la m\u00eame position de principe envers les putschs que ses pr\u00e9d\u00e9cesseurs. La question qui se pose maintenant, c\u2019est est-ce qu’on on peut \u00eatre avec l\u2019AES et avec la Cedeao en m\u00eame temps\u00a0\u00bb, s’interroge Rinaldo Depagne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– \u00ab\u00a0Cedeao des peuples\u00a0\u00bb –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cette rupture a soulev\u00e9 des d\u00e9bats sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour la Cedeao de \u00ab\u00a0retourner \u00e0 son agenda strictement \u00e9conomique et d’abandonner les principes de droit et de d\u00e9mocratie\u00a0\u00bb, rel\u00e8ve Gilles Yabi qui pr\u00e9dit que des relations bilat\u00e9rales vont demeurer pour \u00ab\u00a0pr\u00e9server des relations \u00e9conomiques\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0faire face aux d\u00e9fis s\u00e9curitaires\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les violences jihadistes qui ont fait des dizaines de milliers de morts au Mali, au Niger et au Burkina Faso en une d\u00e9cennie, se sont \u00e9tendues aux pays c\u00f4tiers, notamment le B\u00e9nin et le Togo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Tout le monde est conscient de la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019une r\u00e9forme de la Cedeao, vers une Cedeao des peuples. L\u2019AES peut \u00eatre un laboratoire…\u00a0\u00bb, conclut un ancien ministre ouest-africain qui a l\u2019oreille des juntes sah\u00e9liennes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a9 Agence France-Presse<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abidjan,\u00a0Cote d’Ivoire – Le retrait du Mali, du Niger et du Burkina Faso de la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des Etats de l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest (Cedeao) prend effet mercredi apr\u00e8s un an de tensions politiques, rendant incertain l’avenir de l’organisation r\u00e9gionale dans une Afrique de l\u2019ouest fractur\u00e9e. Le 29 janvier 2024, les trois pays dirig\u00e9s par des […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":16303,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1225,782],"tags":[1797,2494,2493,1529,910,2581],"adr_country":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-16305","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-afrique-de-louest-fr","8":"category-politique-fr","9":"tag-burkina-fr","10":"tag-cedeao-2","11":"tag-ecowas-fr","12":"tag-mali-fr","13":"tag-niger-fr","14":"tag-trade-fr"},"acf":{"post_version":""},"yoast_head":"\nApr\u00e8s le retrait du Burkina, du Mali et du Niger, quel avenir pour la Cedeao ? - Africa Daily Report<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/fr\/2025\/01\/27\/political-tensions-shake-up-trade-routes-in-fractured-west-africa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Apr\u00e8s le retrait du Burkina, du Mali et du Niger, quel avenir pour la Cedeao ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Abidjan,\u00a0Cote d’Ivoire – Le retrait du Mali, du Niger et du Burkina Faso de la Communaut\u00e9 \u00e9conomique des Etats de l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest (Cedeao) prend effet mercredi apr\u00e8s un an de tensions politiques, rendant incertain l’avenir de l’organisation r\u00e9gionale dans une Afrique de l\u2019ouest fractur\u00e9e. 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