{"id":15205,"date":"2024-12-12T14:48:19","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T14:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/2024\/12\/12\/somalia-ethiopia-deal-what-we-know\/"},"modified":"2024-12-12T17:56:08","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T17:56:08","slug":"somalia-ethiopia-deal-what-we-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/fr\/2024\/12\/12\/somalia-ethiopia-deal-what-we-know\/","title":{"rendered":"Accord entre l’Ethiopie et la Somalie: ce que l’on sait"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Somalia-Ethiopia (AFP) – <\/em>Apr\u00e8s des mois de brouille concernant un protocole d’accord controvers\u00e9 sign\u00e9 par l’Ethiopie avec la r\u00e9gion s\u00e9paratiste somalienne du Somaliland pour un acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la mer, Addis Abeba et Mogadiscio ont sign\u00e9 mercredi en Turquie un accord pour mettre fin aux tensions.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L’accord a \u00e9t\u00e9 salu\u00e9 dans la foul\u00e9e par l’Union africaine, qui a \u00ab\u00a0fortement encourag\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb les deux pays voisins \u00e0 le mettre en oeuvre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Que signifie cet accord pour les relations entre l’Ethiopie et la Somalie, et quelles sont les cons\u00e9quences pour la Corne de l’Afrique?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Comment en est-on arriv\u00e9 l\u00e0? –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Les relations entre l’Ethiopie et la Somalie se sont fortement tendues en janvier apr\u00e8s qu’Addis Abeba a sign\u00e9 un protocole d’accord avec la r\u00e9gion s\u00e9paratiste du Somaliland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce texte pr\u00e9voit la location pour 50 ans \u00e0 l’Ethiopie, immense pays enclav\u00e9 d’environ 120 millions d’habitants, de 20 km de c\u00f4tes du Somaliland, qui a unilat\u00e9ralement proclam\u00e9 son ind\u00e9pendance de la Somalie en 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les autorit\u00e9s somalilandaises affirment qu’en \u00e9change de cet acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la mer, l’Ethiopie deviendrait le premier pays \u00e0 reconna\u00eetre officiellement leur r\u00e9publique. Le contenu exact de l’accord n’a jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 rendu public, et Addis Abeba n’a jamais affirm\u00e9 que la reconnaissance du Somaliland \u00e9tait une condition sine qua non.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les autorit\u00e9s somaliennes ont de leur c\u00f4t\u00e9 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 un accord \u00ab\u00a0ill\u00e9gal\u00a0\u00bb et une \u00ab\u00a0agression\u00a0\u00bb contre sa souverainet\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La communaut\u00e9 internationale, notamment l’ONU, les Etats-Unis et la Chine, ont enjoint l’Ethiopie \u00e0 respecter l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 territoriale de la Somalie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En r\u00e9action, Mogasdiscio a, ces derniers, mois renforc\u00e9 ses relations avec l’Egypte, en froid avec l’Ethiopie \u00e0 cause de la construction d’un barrage sur le Nil, et l’Erythr\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Pourquoi la communaut\u00e9 internationale est-elle inqui\u00e8te? –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cette escalade entre les deux pays inqui\u00e8te dans une r\u00e9gion instable, en proie notamment \u00e0 l’insurrection des islamistes radicaux shebab.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mogadiscio a menac\u00e9 d’ordonner le retrait des quelque 10.000 soldats \u00e9thiopiens pr\u00e9sents en Somalie dans le cadre de l’Atmis (mission africaine de transition en Somalie).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En septembre, dans un entretien avec l’AFP, Omar Mahmood, analyste principal de l’Afrique de l’est pour le groupe de r\u00e9flexion International Crisis Group, avait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que les shebab \u00e9taient les \u00ab\u00a0grands gagnants\u00a0\u00bb de cette situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Que contient l’accord? –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00e8s peu d’\u00e9l\u00e9ments ont filtr\u00e9 de cet accord conclu mercredi entre le pr\u00e9sident somalien Hassan Cheikh Mohamoud et le Premier ministre \u00e9thiopien Abiy Ahmed sous les auspices du pr\u00e9sident turc Recep Tayyip Erdogan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le pr\u00e9sident turc a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 mercredi qu’il estimait que l’accord, qualifi\u00e9 d'\u00a0\u00bbhistorique\u00a0\u00bb, conclu apr\u00e8s huit heures de n\u00e9gociations allait permettre d’assurer un acc\u00e8s de l’Ethiopie \u00e0 la mer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selon le texte de l’accord publi\u00e9 par la Turquie, les parties sont convenues \u00ab\u00a0d’abandonner les divergences d’opinion et les questions litigieuses, et d’aller r\u00e9solument de l’avant dans la coop\u00e9ration en vue d’une prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 commune\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Cela met fin aux divergences que nous avons eues ces derniers temps. L’\u00c9thiopie et la Somalie sont deux pays voisins, et ils ont des int\u00e9r\u00eats mutuels \u00e0 coop\u00e9rer ensemble et \u00e0 construire un avenir prosp\u00e8re pour nos deux pays et nos deux peuples\u00a0\u00bb, a salu\u00e9 le pr\u00e9sident somalien.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Que devient l’accord entre l’Ethiopie et le Somaliland? –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C’est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment crucial, et l’accord conclu mercredi en Turquie ne mentionne pas le devenir du protocole d’accord sign\u00e9 en janvier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Somaliland, qui installe jeudi un nouveau pr\u00e9sident, n’a pour l’heure fait aucune d\u00e9claration officielle et les autorit\u00e9s \u00e9thiopiennes n’ont pas donn\u00e9 suite aux sollicitations de l’AFP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guleid Ahmed Jama, avocat et analyste politique du Somaliland, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 l’AFP que l’accord \u00ab\u00a0indique que l’\u00c9thiopie r\u00e9pudie certains de ses engagements concernant la reconnaissance du Somaliland\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Cela ne dissuadera pas le Somaliland de continuer \u00e0 rechercher une reconnaissance internationale, mais c’est \u00e9videmment un revers\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Quelles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les r\u00e9actions \u00e0 cet accord? –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L’Union africaine, par la voix du pr\u00e9sident de la Commission, Moussa Faki Mahamat, a salu\u00e9 jeudi un \u00ab\u00a0acte important\u00a0\u00bb, tout en enjoignant les deux pays \u00ab\u00a0\u00e0 mettre en oeuvre, sans d\u00e9lai, les mesures pertinentes adopt\u00e9es\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un peu plus t\u00f4t, le secr\u00e9taire ex\u00e9cutif du bloc r\u00e9gional d’Afrique de l’est, l’Autorit\u00e9 intergouvernementale pour d\u00e9veloppement (Igad) et ex-ministre \u00e9thiopien des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, Workneh Gebeyehu, avait salu\u00e9 un \u00ab\u00a0accord important\u00a0\u00bb qui \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9montre un engagement \u00e0 r\u00e9soudre les probl\u00e8mes bilat\u00e9raux \u00e0 l’amiable\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Omar Mahmood a de son c\u00f4t\u00e9 affirm\u00e9 que l’accord \u00e9tait une surprise \u00ab\u00a0bienvenue\u00a0\u00bb dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Cela fait baisser la tension, qui jusqu’alors \u00e9tait dangereuse\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 l’AFP, tout en assurant que les deux parties en sortaient gagnantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Abiy obtient l’engagement d’avoir acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la mer, (mais sans la mention de la base navale), tandis que pour la Somalie, l’accord reconna\u00eet sa souverainet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il expliqu\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a9 Agence France-Presse<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Somalia-Ethiopia (AFP) – Apr\u00e8s des mois de brouille concernant un protocole d’accord controvers\u00e9 sign\u00e9 par l’Ethiopie avec la r\u00e9gion s\u00e9paratiste somalienne du Somaliland pour un acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la mer, Addis Abeba et Mogadiscio ont sign\u00e9 mercredi en Turquie un accord pour mettre fin aux tensions. L’accord a \u00e9t\u00e9 salu\u00e9 dans la foul\u00e9e par l’Union africaine, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":15203,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[293],"tags":[1067,1009,1011,2257],"adr_country":[1100,1881,1108,2258],"class_list":{"0":"post-15205","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-actualites-fr","8":"tag-diplomacy-fr","9":"tag-ethiopia-fr","10":"tag-somalia-fr","11":"tag-turkey-fr","12":"adr_country-ethiopie","13":"adr_country-palestine-fr","14":"adr_country-somalie","15":"adr_country-turkey-fr"},"acf":{"post_version":""},"yoast_head":"\nAccord entre l'Ethiopie et la Somalie: ce que l'on sait - Africa Daily Report<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/fr\/2024\/12\/12\/somalia-ethiopia-deal-what-we-know\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Accord entre l'Ethiopie et la Somalie: ce que l'on sait\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Somalia-Ethiopia (AFP) – Apr\u00e8s des mois de brouille concernant un protocole d’accord controvers\u00e9 sign\u00e9 par l’Ethiopie avec la r\u00e9gion s\u00e9paratiste somalienne du Somaliland pour un acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la mer, Addis Abeba et Mogadiscio ont sign\u00e9 mercredi en Turquie un accord pour mettre fin aux tensions. 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