{"id":13031,"date":"2024-10-24T03:48:59","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T03:48:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/2024\/10\/24\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\/"},"modified":"2024-10-31T09:58:05","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T09:58:05","slug":"mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/fr\/2024\/10\/24\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\/","title":{"rendered":"Mines d’or: les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises dans le collimateur en RDC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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A miner holds in his hands two stones that potentially contain gold in the Kamituga artisanal mine, in the South Kivu province in the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo, on September 20, 2024. – At Kamituga, a town some 40 kilometres (25 miles) from Kitutu, gold mining is in full throttle.\nIn one site mined by Congolese cooperative Mwenga Force, some 400 people delve into vast open pits hoping to make a few dollars a day.\nArtisanal mining is small-scale mining, carried out by individuals without big machinery and not employed by big businesses.\nHundreds of foreign companies, most of which are Chinese owned, mine gold in the mineral-rich province often without permits and without declaring profits, according to local authorities. (Photo by Glody MURHABAZI \/ AFP)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Rivi\u00e8res pollu\u00e9es, plantations d\u00e9truites, manifestations r\u00e9prim\u00e9es: \u00e0 Kitutu, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, le p\u00e8re italien Davide Marcheselli se bat depuis des ann\u00e9es contre les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises qui exploitent l’or ill\u00e9galement dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des centaines d’entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res, principalement chinoises, exploitent l’or dans la province riche en ressources naturelles du Sud-Kivu (est), sans d\u00e9clarer leurs b\u00e9n\u00e9fices et sans permis, selon les autorit\u00e9s locales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pendant longtemps, \u00e0 Kitutu, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile locale et les religieux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 seuls face \u00e0 ces puissantes entreprises qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient d’appuis en haut lieu, selon le p\u00e8re Davide Marcheselli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Du repr\u00e9sentant national au chef de village, tout le monde re\u00e7oit quelque chose, de l’argent ou des dividendes\u00a0\u00bb, assure ce missionnaire catholique r\u00e9sidant \u00e0 Kitutu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais en juillet, le gouverneur de la province Jean-Jacques Purusi a suspendu les activit\u00e9s d’extraction \u00ab\u00a0ill\u00e9gales\u00a0\u00bb le temps que ces entreprises se mettent en conformit\u00e9 avec la loi congolaise: \u00e9tablissement d’un cahier des charges, r\u00e9fection des infrastructures, renouvellement des permis parfois expir\u00e9s depuis des d\u00e9cennies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depuis lors, les repr\u00e9sentants de ces entreprises habituellement discrets d\u00e9filent dans le bureau du gouverneur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Au lieu des 117 entreprises ill\u00e9gales qu’on a invit\u00e9es, 540 se sont point\u00e9es ici du jour au lendemain\u00a0\u00bb, raconte \u00e0 l’AFP Jean-Jacques Purusi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce professeur d’universit\u00e9 et ancien expert onusien a \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9 par la pr\u00e9sidence congolaise \u00ab\u00a0pour que les minerais g\u00e9n\u00e8rent d\u00e9sormais la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, selon lui, dans une province o\u00f9 le taux de pauvret\u00e9 atteint les 80%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Acc\u00e8s refus\u00e9 –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A Kamituga, cit\u00e9 mini\u00e8re \u00e0 40 km de Kitutu, l\u2019extraction de l\u2019or bat son plein dans de vastes mines \u00e0 ciel ouvert. Dans le gisement exploit\u00e9 par la coop\u00e9rative congolaise Mwenga force, quelque 400 creuseurs descendent dans les galeries pour quelques dollars par jour malgr\u00e9 les risques d’effondrement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Nous n’avons pas les m\u00eames moyens que les Chinois. Les services de l’\u00c9tat viennent sur nos sites. Nous nous acquittons des droits et nous amenons l’or l\u00e9galement\u00a0\u00bb, assure F\u00e9licien Mikalano, pr\u00e9sident des creuseurs artisanaux, assis au fond d’une \u00e9troite galerie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019extraction semi-artisanale est interdite aux \u00e9trangers par le code minier, mais des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises utilisent ces coop\u00e9ratives locales comme \u00ab\u00a0partenaires\u00a0\u00bb pour extraire le minerai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La moiti\u00e9 des coop\u00e9ratives de la province sont concern\u00e9es, selon le Bureau d\u2019\u00e9tudes scientifiques et techniques (BEST), une ONG congolaise sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e dans les questions de gouvernance mini\u00e8re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A quelques kilom\u00e8tres de Kamituga, au bout d\u2019une piste en terre, l’acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une mine exploit\u00e9e par l’une de ces coop\u00e9ratives est contr\u00f4l\u00e9 \u00e0 trois checkpoints. L’\u00e9quipe de l\u2019AFP a \u00e9t\u00e9 pri\u00e9e de rebrousser chemin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le m\u00eame sort a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9serv\u00e9 \u00e0 la brigade mini\u00e8re charg\u00e9e de relever chaque semaine, sur site, les statistiques d’extraction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0On contr\u00f4le difficilement ces soci\u00e9t\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, avoue Ghislain Chivundu Mutalemba, commandant de la brigade mini\u00e8re locale. \u00ab\u00a0Les partenaires chinois extraient, la coop\u00e9rative vend la production aux comptoirs. On ne sait pas quel pourcentage les Chinois prennent\u00a0\u00bb, ni combien ils produisent, dit-il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Menaces –<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La production est-elle \u00e9coul\u00e9e dans les centaines de bureaux d’achat d’or qui se succ\u00e8dent dans les ruelles du centre-ville ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Tout ce que je sais, c\u2019est que les boss prennent l\u2019or et l\u2019am\u00e8nent \u00e0 Bukavu, je n\u2019ose pas poser de questions\u00a0\u00bb, explique Siri Munga Walubinja, n\u00e9gociant en or. \u00ab\u00a0Mais je n\u2019ai jamais vu un Chinois, ce sont uniquement des Congolais qui ach\u00e8tent\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019\u00e9vaporation des ressources mini\u00e8res n\u2019est pas que le fait des \u00e9trangers. L\u2019or achet\u00e9 \u00e0 Kamituga est transport\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 Bukavu, la capitale provinciale, par de grands n\u00e9gociants essentiellement congolais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Certains ne d\u00e9clarent qu\u2019une fraction de leur marchandise et \u00e9coulent le reste ill\u00e9galement vers des pays voisins comme le Rwanda, selon le BEST.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En d\u00e9cembre 2022, le pouvoir congolais a accord\u00e9 le monopole de l’exportation d’or au Sud-Kivu \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Primera Gold, pour \u00ab\u00a0briser les circuits d’exportations de minerai vers le Rwanda\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0neutraliser certains r\u00e9seaux d’affaire de l’opposition\u00a0\u00bb politique, selon une note de l’Institut fran\u00e7ais des relations internationales publi\u00e9e en f\u00e9vrier 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les exportations d’or artisanal venant du Sud-Kivu \u00e9taient alors pass\u00e9es de 42 kg en 2022 \u00e0 plus de cinq tonnes en 2023, soit environ un sixi\u00e8me des volumes d’or export\u00e9s chaque ann\u00e9e par la RDC et officiellement d\u00e9clar\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais Primera Gold manque d\u00e9sormais de liquidit\u00e9s pour acheter ce minerai et n’a pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 freiner le march\u00e9 noir, selon le BEST.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les circuits emprunt\u00e9s par les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises, dont aucune n’a r\u00e9pondu aux sollicitations de l’AFP, restent inconnus des autorit\u00e9s et des ONG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Leurs repr\u00e9sentants vous passent tel g\u00e9n\u00e9ral ou tel ministre \u00e0 Kinshasa au t\u00e9l\u00e9phone, pour vous dire de ne pas les emb\u00eater\u00a0\u00bb, raconte le gouverneur Jean-Jacques Purusi, qui assure faire l’objet de menaces \u00ab\u00a0quotidiennes\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a9 Agence France-Presse<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rivi\u00e8res pollu\u00e9es, plantations d\u00e9truites, manifestations r\u00e9prim\u00e9es: \u00e0 Kitutu, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, le p\u00e8re italien Davide Marcheselli se bat depuis des ann\u00e9es contre les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises qui exploitent l’or ill\u00e9galement dans la r\u00e9gion. Des centaines d’entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res, principalement chinoises, exploitent l’or dans la province riche en ressources naturelles du Sud-Kivu (est), sans d\u00e9clarer leurs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":12719,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[800,1190],"tags":[804,817,314,818,819,820,313,821],"adr_country":[1089],"class_list":{"0":"post-13031","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-economie-fr","8":"category-economie-fr-2","9":"tag-chine-fr","10":"tag-environnement-fr","11":"tag-gouvernement-fr","12":"tag-kamituga-fr","13":"tag-mines-fr","14":"tag-rd-congo-fr","15":"tag-rdc-fr","16":"tag-sud-kivu-fr","17":"adr_country-d-r-congo"},"acf":{"post_version":""},"yoast_head":"\nMines d'or: les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises dans le collimateur en RDC - Africa Daily Report<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/fr\/2024\/10\/24\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mines d'or: les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises dans le collimateur en RDC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rivi\u00e8res pollu\u00e9es, plantations d\u00e9truites, manifestations r\u00e9prim\u00e9es: \u00e0 Kitutu, en R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo, le p\u00e8re italien Davide Marcheselli se bat depuis des ann\u00e9es contre les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises qui exploitent l’or ill\u00e9galement dans la r\u00e9gion. Des centaines d’entreprises \u00e9trang\u00e8res, principalement chinoises, exploitent l’or dans la province riche en ressources naturelles du Sud-Kivu (est), sans d\u00e9clarer leurs […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/fr\/2024\/10\/24\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Africa Daily Report\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/africadailyreport\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-24T03:48:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-31T09:58:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/africadailyreport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/AFP__20241024__36J249B__v1__HighRes__DrcongoEconomyMining-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ADR\/AFP\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@adr_africa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@adr_africa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"ADR\/AFP\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/24\\\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/24\\\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"ADR\\\/AFP\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c44d86d79f5570b3ba4cf70c989843f8\"},\"headline\":\"Mines d’or: les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises dans le collimateur en RDC\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-24T03:48:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-31T09:58:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/24\\\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1021,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/24\\\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/AFP__20241024__36J249B__v1__HighRes__DrcongoEconomyMining-scaled.jpg?fit=2560%2C1707&ssl=1\",\"keywords\":[\"Chine\",\"environnement\",\"gouvernement\",\"kamituga\",\"mines\",\"RD Congo\",\"rdc\",\"sud kivu\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Economie\",\"ECONOMIE\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/24\\\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\\\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2024\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/24\\\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/africadailyreport.com\\\/fr\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/24\\\/mines-dor-les-societes-chinoises-dans-le-collimateur-en-rdc\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mines d'or: les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s chinoises dans le collimateur en RDC - 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At Kamituga, a town some 40 kilometres (25 miles) from Kitutu, gold mining is in full throttle. In one site mined by Congolese cooperative Mwenga Force, some 400 people delve into vast open pits hoping to make a few dollars a day. Artisanal mining is small-scale mining, carried out by individuals without big machinery and not employed by big businesses. Hundreds of foreign companies, most of which are Chinese owned, mine gold in the mineral-rich province often without permits and without declaring profits, according to local authorities. 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